Overview of COVID-19 Isolation for K-12 Schools
Updated Dec. 29, 2021

CDC has updated isolation and quarantine recommendations for the public. These recommendations do not apply to healthcare personnel and do not supersede state, local, tribal, or territorial laws, rules, and regulations. Read CDC’s media statement.

What is isolation?

Isolation is separating people who have COVID-19 or symptoms of COVID-19 from those who are not infected or showing symptoms in order to prevent transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.You isolate when you show symptoms of COVID-19 or are infected with the virus that causes COVID-19, even if you don’t have symptoms.Isolation is different from quarantine. Quarantine is used by someone who has been exposed to the virus that causes COVID-19 but has not tested positive for COVID-19 and does not have symptoms.  Quarantine is important because even before a person has tested positive for COVID-19 or has symptoms, they could spread the virus that causes COVID-19 to other people without knowing.  Quarantine is used to prevent transmission of the virus by ensuring that unvaccinated people who have been in close contact with someone with COVID-19 stay apart from others.  If people have symptoms and/or have a positive viral test for COVID-19 while in quarantine, they should immediately begin the process for isolation.

Who needs to isolate?

People who are confirmed to have COVID-19 or are showing symptoms of COVID-19 need to isolate. This includes people who are not fully vaccinated and fully vaccinated people. More specifically,

  • People who have a positive viral test for COVID-19, regardless of whether or not they have symptoms, need to isolate.
  • People with symptoms of COVID-19, including people who are awaiting test results or are not tested, need to isolate. People with symptoms should isolate even if they do not know if they have been in contact with another person who has COVID-19.

How long should a student or staff member with COVID-19 isolate?

People can spread the virus that causes COVID-19 for a full 10 days from when they develop symptoms, even if they are feeling better. People who have tested positive, but do not have symptoms may spread the virus before they have symptoms or even spread the virus if they never have symptoms at all. For this reason, isolation should last at least 10 days. Day 0 is the day symptoms began or the day the person took a test that had a positive result.  Day 1 is the day after symptoms began or, if a person does not have symptoms, the day after the person tested positive (use the date the test was collected).